Terrie Greco, B.A.; HLT Dip.

The praying mantis is a Kung Fu King – really!  Many martial arts have based defensive strike positions on the stance of the praying mantis.

Although there are many different species worldwide, one of the most familiar to gardeners is Mantis religiosa – or the European Praying Mantis. 

Gardeners purchase this predatory insect in the egg state, or ‘ootheca’ and attach the egg casings to branches and twigs in the spring.  It takes a few weeks of warm weather before the tiny mantis nymphs emerge – then watch out – they’ll be on the prowl.

Mantises are ‘ambush predators’ – they lie in wait for prey and strike with lightening speed.   With the ability to camouflage themselves by appearing as part of a branch, twig or leaf, most unsuspecting prey does not have a chance of survival if they land near a mantis. The mantis holds their prey securely with their two front legs, which are equipped with razor sharp spines.  Next, the mantis will bite the neck of their prey, paralyzing them.  And yes, they usually start to eat them when they are still alive. 

Mantises are true predatory insects – so they will control numerous pests – and the odd non- pest as well.  Predators cannot distinguish between pest and beneficial insect.  Why would you use them in the garden then?  If your garden is experiencing problems with many different pest species, this generalist predator will keep pest populations at a manageable level.

Mantis religiosa - European Praying Mantis adult stage

Mantis religiosa – European Praying Mantis adult stage. The Praying Mantis predator uses its powerful front legs to strike with lightening speed. Image courtesy of: Joseph Berger, www.bugwood.org

Here is an interesting link from Animal Planet in which you can see predatory insects in action:

http://animal.discovery.com/videos/natures-perfect-predators-praying-mantis.html